Research library/Medical & Pharmacological

Category 7 of 12:

Medical & Pharmacological

Medications and medical management for the conditions that often travel alongside autism — irritability, ADHD, seizures, GI issues, and sleep.

8 therapies · 3 groups · 4 reviews published

How we grade the evidence:

Strongmultiple trials or reviews, consistent resultsModerategood evidence, generally acceptedEmergingpromising, still earlyLimitedwell-studied and not shown to help, or too little study to knowControversialsignificant debate among researchers, use cautionHarmfuldocumented risk of harm — not recommended

FDA-Approved Medications

The two medications specifically approved for autism-related irritability.

Strong evidence

Risperidone (Risperdal)

Reduces severe irritability and aggression short-term; doesn't reduce core autism traits, and long-term data is limited.

Children – adolescentsRead review →
Strong evidence

Aripiprazole (Abilify)

Reduces severe irritability and aggression short-term; doesn't reduce core autism traits, and long-term data is limited.

Children – adolescentsRead review →

Off-Label Medications

Medications prescribed for symptoms common in autism, without an autism-specific FDA approval.

Limited evidence

SSRIs (e.g., fluoxetine, sertraline)

Not supported for autism's repetitive behaviors — but may help genuine co-occurring anxiety or depression.

Children – adolescentsRead review →
Strong evidence

Stimulants / Non-Stimulants for ADHD co-occurrence

Reduces hyperactivity and inattention in autistic children with co-occurring ADHD; doesn't change core autism traits.

Strong evidence

Melatonin for Sleep

Widely used to address sleep-onset difficulties common in autism.

All agesComing soon

Medical Comorbidity Management

Managing the physical health conditions that show up more often alongside autism.

Strong evidence

Epilepsy / Seizure Management

Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) for the ~30% of autistic individuals with co-occurring epilepsy.

All agesComing soon
Moderate evidence

GI Symptom Management

Dietary, pharmacological, and behavioral interventions for GI problems (constipation, reflux).

All agesComing soon
Strong evidence

Genetic & Metabolic Screening

Identifying underlying genetic syndromes (Fragile X, PTEN, etc.) to guide management.

All agesComing soon